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One implied assumption at the foundation: people absorb knowledge by reading sentences.
In fact, I suspect this is the default experience for most readers. The situation only feels embarrassing because it is hard to see how common it is.
Readers can’t just read the words. They have to really think about them. Maybe take some notes. Discuss with others. Write an essay in response. Like a lecture, a book is a warmup for the thinking that happens later. Great: that’s a better model! Let’s look at how it plays out
Indeed, those are the people who really do think about what they’re reading. The process is often invisible. These readers’ inner monologues have sounds like: “This idea reminds me of…,” “This point conflicts with…,” “I don’t really understand how…,” etc. If they take some notes, they’re not simply transcribing the author’s words: they’re summarizing, synthesizing, analyzing.
我就很难想到“this remind me of 或者 this conflicts with，但是时而会想到"I don't really understand how"
People particularly struggle to multitask like this when the content is unfamiliar
我想是这样的，书中的内容已经需要集中注意阅读了，就很难再主动提问了
By contrast, textbooks do have explicit cognitive models: they support engagement with their concepts through things like exercises and discussion questions. Yet much of the metacognitive burden still remains with the reader.
Readers must decide which exercises to do and when. Readers must run their own feedback loops: did they clearly understand the ideas involved in the exercise? If not, what should they do next? What should students do if they’re completely stuck? Some issues are subtler. For example, textbook exercises are often designed to yield both a solution to that specific problem and also broader insights about the subject. Will readers notice if they solved a problem but missed the insights it was supposed to reveal?
是这样，即使教科书每一小节后面附有练习和讨论，但是杯水车薪，很大程度上仍依赖读者自己
课程可以提供与学科专家的个人关系，是获取学科文化的丰富渠道--其中大部分可能是隐性的。对许多学生来说，课程提供了一个有益的问责结构，在支持他们的意志力方面发挥了重要作用。
Rather than “how might we make books actually work reliably,” we can ask: How might we design mediums which do the job of a non-fiction book—but which actually work reliably?
此外作者在没有更多的有意义阐述了，最后把一个临时性的解决方案提了出来：Quantum Country